Unit 5
进攻、侵略
aggression[əˈgreʃ(ə)n]★
the threat of massive military aggression
军事侵略的威胁
invasion[InˈveIʒ(ə)n]★
invasion of privacy侵犯个人隐私
invasion depth侵入深度
assault[əˈsɔːlt;əˈsɒlt]
nuclear assault核子攻击
ground assault地面攻击
offensive[əˈfensIv]★
Offensive is the best defense．
进攻是最好的防守.
attack[əˈtæk]
shark attack鲨鱼攻击
special attack特殊攻击
infringement[InˈfrIn(d)ʒm(ə)nt]
copyright infringement版权侵权
patent infringement专利侵权
C8 T2 P3 Q40 填空题
【题 目】Odours regarded as unpleasant in certain 40．___are not regarded as unpleasant in others． 气味在特定文化中被认为是不好的东西,但在另一些文化中不被当作不好的东西.
【原 文】Odours are invested with cultural values: smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others． 气味被赋予了文化价值:在有些文化中具有冒犯意味,而在其他文化中可能变得易于被接受.
【答 案】cultures
C9 T4 P2 Q22 配对题
【题 目】At a certain age, children′s sense of identity leads to aggressive behaviour． 在特定年纪,孩子的自我认知会导致侵犯性的行为.
【原 文】Bronson found that the intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharply between the ages of 1 and 2 years．Often, the children′s disagreement involved a struggle over a toy...the children seemed to be disputing ownership rather than wanting to play with it． Bronson发现1~ 2岁的孩子在争论中产生的挫败感和愤怒的强度急剧增加.通常,孩子会激烈争夺一个玩具……孩子们似乎在争 抢玩具的拥有权而非真的想玩.
【答 案】E Bronson
考点再现 C3 T3 P3 Q30
符合、一致
coincide[ˌkəʊInˈsaId]★
Our views coincide．我们的看法完全一致.
correspond[kɒrIˈspɒnd]★
correspond to objective reality符合客观事实
agree with[əˈ౺riː]
Your story agrees with the facts．你的叙述与事实相符.
accord[əˈkɔːd]
Our information does not accord with his reports．
我们所了解的情况与他的报告不一致.
conform[kənˈfɔːm]
The design conforms with the regulations．设计符合规定.
C8 T1 P3 Q26 判断题
【题 目】A pilot entering Class C airspace is flying over an averagegsized city． 进入C级空域的飞行员主要飞越中等规模的城市.
【原 文】These other types of airspace, Classes D, C and B, govern the vicinity of airg ports．These correspond roughly to small municipal, mediumgsized metropolitan and major metropolitan airports respectively． 其他三个等级: D级、C级和B级用于管理机场附近的区域.这三个级别大致分别适用于小型城市、中等城市和大型城市的机场.
【答 案】TRUE
相似的、类似的、相同的
similar[ˈsImIlə]★
similar aims相似目标
similar figures相似图形
same[seIm]★
same nationality相同国籍
same principle相同原理
identical[aIˈdentIk(ə)l]★
identical elements相同要素
identical goods相同货物
uniform[ˈjuːnIfɔːm]
uniform size and thickness
相同的尺寸、厚度
C3 T2 P3 Q30 判断题
【题 目】Accountant may be similar to one another because they have the same type of job．因为工作类型相同,会计人员之 间可能趋于雷同.
【原 文】Hence, there is some likelihood that all accountants will be alike or that all blondes are similar—they are forced thatway by the expectations of their role． 于是便有了很大的可能性:所有会计人员将趋于雷同,或金发碧眼女郎或彼此相似,这种结果完全是被人们对他们的角色期望所 逼出来的.
【答 案】YES
C3 T4 P3 Q29 单选题
【题 目】The four divisions 四个部门
【原 文】The study covered 500 clerical employees in four parallel divisions．Each division was organised in exactly the same way,used the same technology, did exactly the same kind of work, and had employees of comparable aptitudes．
该研究涉及500名员工,分布在四个类似的部门,每个部门以相同方式编组,使用相同的技术,从事相同的工作,员工的资质也所 差无几.
【答 案】C had identical patterns of organisation 有相同的组织模式
考点再现
C2 T1 P3 Q39 C7 T3 P1 Q1
像
like[laIk]★
He looks like Father Christmas．他长得像圣诞老人.
resemble[rIˈzemb(ə)l]★
She so resembles her mother．她很像她母亲.
alike[əˈlaIk]
We looked very alike．我们长得很像.
C7 T4 P1 Q11 填空题
【题 目】The discovery on one pyramid of an object which resembled a 11．___． 在一座金字塔上发现的一件物品像现代滑翔机.
【原 文】A wooden artefact found on the step pyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider． 在塞加拉的阶梯金字塔上发现的一块木制加工品酷似现代的滑翔机.
【答 案】modern glider
C9 T1 P3 Q30 简答题
【题 目】Which animals might ichthyosaurs have resembled? 鱼龙像什么动物?
【原 文】The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water． 鱼龙的化石看起来像海豚,他们确实和海豚一样曾经生活在水中.
【答 案】dolphins海豚
C10 T1 P1 Q11 填空题
【题 目】Looks more like a 11．___than a well．看起来更像水箱而非井.
【原 文】It actually resembles a tank rather than a well．事实上,更像水箱而非井.
【答 案】tank
考点再现
C1 T1 P1 Q12 C8 T1 P1 Q9 C9 T1 P2 Q22
古代的、古老的
ancient[ˈeInʃ(ə)nt]★
ancient greek and Rome古希腊、罗马
ancient relics古遗迹
old[əʊld]
Old World旧世界
old city旧城
archaic[aːˈkeIIk]
archaic poetry古风诗词
prehistoric[ˌpriːhIˈstɒrIk]★
prehistoric religion原始宗教
prehistoric tribe史前部落
antique[ænˈtiːk]
antique furniture古董家具
antique shop古董店
archaic war古代战争
C7 T3 P2 Q26 单选题
【题 目】Christy Turner′s research involved the examination of 特纳的研究包含了对于……的检查
【原 文】Studies carried out by Turner of many thousands of New and Old world specimens, both ancient and modern, suggest that the majority of prehistoric Americans are linked to Northern Asian populations by． 根据对来自数千年新旧世界的样本进行分析,包括古代的和现代的,特纳发现,大多数史前美洲人和北亚人有联系.
【答 案】A teeth from both prehistoric and modern Americans and Asians 史前和当代美洲人及亚洲人的牙齿
机经真题Silent Earthquake 段落信息匹配题
【题 目】Occurrence of landslide in water areas near volcanoes in archaic times． 上古时期,水域滑坡靠近火山.
【原 文】I段:Scientists have long seen evidence of ancient collapses in sonar images of giant debris fields in the shallow waters surrounding volcanic islands around the world． 科学家们长期以来一直认为,声纳图像周围巨大的碎片表明古代的滑坡崩溃发生在全球火山岛浅水区.
【答 案】I段
考点再现 C4 T4 P2 Q15 C11 T1 P2 Q19
仪器、设备、器械、器具
apparatus[ˌæpəˈreItəs]★
breathing apparatus呼吸器
remote control apparatus遥控设备
device[dIˈvaIs]★
control device控制装置
medical device医疗设备
equipment[IˈkwIpm(ə)nt]★
safety equipment安全设备
electronic equipment电子设备
implement[ˈImplIm(ə)nt]
household implement日用器具
stone implement石器
appliance[əˈplaIəns]
domestic appliance manufacturers国内器械制造商
instrument[ˈInstrʊm(ə)nt]★
musical instrument乐器
test instrument试验仪器
infrastructure[ˈInfrəstrʌktʃə]★
infrastructure construction
基础设施建设
tool[tuːl]
stone tool石器
electric tool电动工具
facility[fəˈsIlItI]
port facilities港口设施
industrial facility工业设施
rig[rI౺]
C7 T1 P2 Q26 判断题
【题 目】In the future, government should maintain ownership of water infrastructure． 在未来,政府应该维护水务基础设施的所有权.
【原 文】未提及
交换
exchange[IksˈtʃeIndʒ; eksg]★
exchange rate汇率
exchange honour for wealth以荣誉换取财富
swap[swɒp]★
swap data交换数据
swap space交换空间
C7 T3 P1 Q10 填空题
【题 目】genetic analysis shows they constantly upgrade these fungi by developing new species and by 10．___species with neighbouring ant colonies． 遗传分析表明,蚂蚁通过改进新物种以及与周边蚂蚁群体交换物种来持续升级真菌.
【原 文】DNA analysis of the fungi suggests that the ants improve or modify the fungi by regularly swapping and sharing strains with neighbouring ant colonies． 对真菌的DNA分析表明,蚂蚁通过频繁地与周边蚂蚁群体的交换和共享来改进和更新菌种.
【答 案】exchanging
考点再现 C12 T1 P2 Q16
错误、缺点
error[ˈerə]★
accumulated error累积误差
error detector错误侦测器
mistake[mIˈsteIk]★
overlook mistake忽视错误
make a mistake犯错误
fault[fɔːlt]
My worst fault is impatience．我最大的缺点是没耐心.
C4 T1 P1 Q3 判断题
【题 目】It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the‘pure’science that they study at school．结果表明,孩子们对在学校里学到的“纯”科学知识有错误的看法.
【原 文】Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about‘pure’, curriculum science．许多研究表 明,孩子们对于在学校里学到的“纯”科学知识心存误解.
【答 案】TRUE
C7 T4 P3 Q33 填空题
【题 目】The group which had been exposed to unpredictable noise 33．___the group which had been exposed to predictable noise． 暴露在不可预测噪音的组比暴露在可预测噪音的组会产生更多的错误.
【原 文】As shown in Table 1 the unpredictable noise produced more errors in the later proofreading task than predicable noise．正如表一所示,与可预测性噪音相比,非可预测性噪音使实验对象在校对时出现更多错误.
【答 案】made more mistakes than
考点再现
C4 T1 P1 Q6
同事、伙伴
partner[ˈpaːtnə(r)]★
husbands and wives＝marriage partners
(C8 T2 P3 Q37)
companion[kəmˈpænjən]
battle companion战斗伙伴
colleague[ˈkɒliːg]
associate[əˈsəʊʃIeIt;gsIeIt]
n．合伙人、同事
learning companion学习同伴
fellow[ˈfeləʊ]
fellow citizen同胞
C3 T1 P1 Q19 判断题
【题 目】If one partner in a marriage smokes, the other is likely to take up smoking． 如果夫妻中的一方吸烟,另一方很可能也会开始吸烟.
【原 文】未提及
吸引、引诱
attract[əˈtrækt]★
attract investment from private company吸引私人公司投资
tempt[tem(p)t]
tempt the appetite引起食欲
wolfish tempt贪婪的诱惑
C6 T3 P3 Q30 判断题
【题 目】Not many people are likely to find a caloricgrestricted diet attractive． 喜欢热量摄入受限型饮食的人可能不多.
【原 文】Few mortals could stick to that harsh a regimen, especially for years on end． 很少有人能够坚持这样严格的养生之道,尤其是年复一年地这样做.
【答 案】YES
技巧点拨
此题中harsh a regimen即为a caloricgrestricted diet.
考点再现 C5 T4 P1 Q4
阻止、阻塞
block[blɒk]★
block imports of various cheap foreign products阻挠各种廉价外国产品的进口
prevent[prIˈvent]★
prevent epidemic阻止疫情
impede[Imˈpiːd]
impede the trade阻碍贸易
obstruct[əbˈstrʌkt]
obstruct the traffic阻塞交通
hinder[ˈhIndə]★
hinder someone from doing something阻止某人做某事
hamper[ˈhæmpə]
hampered the progress of the work
妨碍了工程的进展
bar[b౸ː(r)]
We bar smoking here．禁止吸烟.
hurdle[ˈhɜːd(ə)l]
What hurdled the technique of producing wooden paper from popularity for a long time?(机经文章Tools for Ancient writing 设问句)
长期以来,是什么阻碍了木质纸张生产技术的普及?
C6 T2 P3 Q34 判断题
【题 目】Some peoples with simple number systems use body language to prevent misunderstanding of expressions of number． 某些只有简单计数体系的民族使用肢体语言防止数字表达产生的误解.
【原 文】But in real situations the number and words are often accompanied by gesture to help resolve any confusion． 但在实际情况中,数字和词语经常伴随着手势使用,从而帮助解决混乱的状态.
【答 案】YES
考点再现 C7 T2 P3 Q37
虫
bug[bʌ౺]臭虫、病菌★
superbug超级病菌
lightning bug萤火虫
pest[pest]害虫★
pesticide杀虫剂
insect[ˈInsekt]昆虫★
insecticide杀虫剂
worm[wɜːm]蠕虫
silk worm蚕
C7 T2 P2 Q17 段落信息匹配题
【题 目】One effect of chemicals on water sources化学物质对水资源的一种影响
【原 文】Natural soil fertility is dropping in many areas because of continuous industrial fertiliser and pesticide use, while the growth of algae is increasing in lake because of the fertiliser rungoff．由于长期使用化肥和杀 虫剂,很多地区的自然土壤肥力正在下降,而湖里的藻类却因为化肥流失不断疯长.
【答 案】B段
变化、改变
change[tʃeIn(d)ʒ]★
physical change物理变化
climate change气候变化
alter[ˈɔːltə(r)]★
alter the traditional policy转变传统政策
vary[ˈveərI]★
vary the speed改变速度
shift[ʃIft]★
a shift in government policy
政府政策的改变
transform[trænsˈfɔːm]★
Success and wealth transformed his
character．成功和财富改变了他的性格.
convert[kənˈvɜːt]★
convert economic muscle into military strength将经济实力转化为军事力量
modify[ˈmɒdIfaI]★
modify the terms of a contract
修改合同条款
switch[swItʃ]
switch operating systems
改变运行系统
C4 T2 P1 Q9 配对题
【题 目】A change of language may mean a loss of traditional culture． 语言的变化意味着传统文化的消失.
【原 文】‘If a person shifts from Navajo to English, he lose something,’Mufwene says． Mufwene说,如果一个本来说纳瓦霍语的人现在要改说英语,那他准得失去点东西.
【答 案】B Salikoko Mufwene
C8 T1 P3 Q29 配对题
【题 目】Attitudes to parapsychology would alter drastically with... 伴随着……对超心理学的态度将会巨大改变.
【原 文】Answering such questions would transform parapsychology．This has prompted some researchers to argue that the future lies not in collecting more evidence for telepathy, but in probing possible mechanisms． 对于这些问题的回答将改变超心理学.这使得一些研究人员认为该学科的未来不在于收集更多心灵感应的证据,而在于探索其 可能的机制.
【答 案】A the discovery of a mechanism for telepathy心灵感应机制的发现
C9 T4 P3 Q27 list of headings
【题 目】Paragraph B
【原 文】However, attitudes towards history and the way it should be presented have altered．然而,人们对历史及其呈现 方式的态度有所改变.
【答 案】ii Mixed views on current changes to museums对于博物馆当今变化的不同看法
考点再现
C2 T1 P3 Q31 C4 T1 P1 Q4 C6 T3 P1 Q3 C6 T4 P3 Q30
C7 T1 P2 Q17 C8 T2 P1 Q12 C8 T4 P3 Q27 C8 T4 P1 Q6
欺骗
cheat[tʃiːt]★
I know it sounds unbelievable but I never wanted to cheat．
我知道听上去难以置信,但我从不想撒谎.
fraud[frɔːd]★
He was jailed for two years for fraud and deception．他因为诈骗和欺诈入狱服刑两年.
trick[trIk]★
His real purpose is to trick his way into your home to see what he can steal．
他的真实目的就是设局欺骗你以进入你的家里,看看他可以偷走什么.
fool[fuːl]
Don′t be fooled by his appearance．别被他的外表欺骗了.
deceive[dIˈsiːv]
What a shame to deceive the girl!欺骗女孩是可耻的事情!
C1 T2 P3 Q37 判断题
【题 目】Tour operators try to cheat tourists．旅游组织者试着欺骗游客.
【原 文】未提及
C2 T3 P3 Q29 list of headings
【题 目】Paragraph D
【原 文】Sixteen American states now use biometric fingerprint verification systems to check that people claiming welfare payments are genuine． 现在美国有16个州使用指纹生物识别技术确认方法检验领取福利金的人是否真实.
【答 案】viii Fighting fraud对抗欺骗
考点再现
C8 T1 P3 Q35
竞争
compete[kəmˈpiːt]★
compete against与……竞争
compete analysis竞争分析
contend[kənˈtend]
contending for the World Cup争夺世界杯
contend for power争夺权力
contest[ˈkɒntest]
a hot dog eating contest热狗大赛
beauty contest选美活动
rival[ˈraIvl]
rival company对手公司
rival model竞争模型
C9 T2 P3 Q27 单选题
【题 目】Neuroeconomics is field of study which seeks to... 神经经济学作为一个研究领域,旨在……
【原 文】Neuroeconomics, which studies the brain′s secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors． 神经经济学研究的是经济环境下大脑成功的秘诀,而这就需要创新,需要不走竞争者走过的寻常路.
【答 案】C understand how the brain is linked to achievement in competitive fields 了解在激烈的竞争中大脑与成功的关系
练练看
Match the words in A with the synonyms in B．
A
1．aggression
2．coincide
3．same
4．like
5．ancient
6．facility
7．exchange
8．error
9．fellow
10．attract
11．block
12．insect
13．alter
14．cheat
15．compete
B
1．mistake
2．partner
3．resemble
4．identical
5．hinder
6．tempt
7．fraud
8．contend
9．correspond
10．infrastructure
11．prehistorical
12．transform
13．pest
14．swap
15．offensive